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Comparison of Maglev with Other Rail travel

Comparison of Maglev with Other Rail travel GrWVL
Maglev represents new technology: magnetic levitation and linear induction motor(LIM) propulsion. Clearly, to be deployed, a system must be physically and operationally feasible not only under controlled conditions, but also in permanent operation under “real world” conditions. This includes such external factors as public reaction, handling crowded conditions, adverse weather, incidental occurrences of technical defects, short power interruptions, etc. While high-speed maglev infrastructure is relatively expensive to build, maglev trains are less expensive to operate and maintain than traditional high-speed trains or planes. At higher speeds, most of the power needed is used to overcome air drag. Maglev systems can operate at very high speeds almost without deterioration and are therefore more economical to operate than wheel/rail rapid transit systems that require regular intensive maintenance and experience exponentially increasing erosion with increasing speed. The fundamental freedom from mechanical erosion is one of the main advantages of maglev high-speed systems. Maglev is the only track-bound transport system that has practically no mechanical friction during operation. In maglev, all the weight, propulsion and lateral guidance forces of the vehicle are transferred contact-free to the guideway, including the braking forces. As a result, maintenance costs of some maglev systems are only a fraction of the costs of traditional wheel/rail systems. In traditional wheel/rail operations, the wheels eventually wear out. In addition, the resultant grit on the running surface of the tracks causes abrasion of the railheads. Maglev guide paths are bound to be more costly than conventional steel railways. The other main disadvantage is the lack of existing infrastructure. For example, if a highspeed line between two cities is built, then high speed trains can serve both cities but more importantly they can serve other nearby cities by running on normal railways that branch off the highspeed line. The highspeed trains could go for a fast run on the highspeed line, then come off it for the rest of the journey. Maglev trains wouldn’t be able to do that as they would be limited to where maglev lines run. This would mean it would be very difficult to make construction of maglev lines commercially viable unless there were two very large destinations being connected. Of the 5000 km that TGV trains serve in France, only about 1200 km is high speed line, meaning 75% of TGV services run on existing track. The fact that a maglev train will not be able to continue beyond its track may seriously hinder its usefulness.
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Maglev
represents new technology: magnetic levitation and linear induction motor(LIM) propulsion.
Clearly
, to
be deployed
, a
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
system
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
must
be
physically
and
operationally
feasible not
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
only
under controlled conditions,
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
but
also
in permanent operation under “real world” conditions. This includes such external factors as public reaction, handling crowded conditions, adverse weather, incidental occurrences of technical defects, short power interruptions, etc. While
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
high-speed
Possible spelling mistake found.
maglev
infrastructure is
relatively
expensive to build,
Possible spelling mistake found.
maglev
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
trains
are less expensive to operate and maintain than traditional
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
high-speed
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
trains
or
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
planes
. At higher
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
speeds
, most of the power needed is
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
used
to overcome air drag.
Possible spelling mistake found.
Maglev
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
systems
can operate at
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
very
high
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
speeds
almost without deterioration and are
therefore
more economical to operate than wheel/rail rapid transit
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
systems
that require regular intensive maintenance and experience
exponentially
increasing erosion with increasing
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
speed
. The fundamental freedom from mechanical erosion is one of the main advantages of
Possible spelling mistake found.
maglev
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
high-speed
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
systems
.
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Maglev
is the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
only
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
track
-bound transport
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
system
that has
practically
no mechanical friction during operation. In
Possible spelling mistake found.
maglev
, all the weight, propulsion and lateral guidance forces of the vehicle
are transferred
contact-free to the
Possible spelling mistake found.
guideway
, including the braking forces.
As a result
, maintenance costs of
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
some
Possible spelling mistake found.
maglev
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
systems
are
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
only
a fraction of the costs of traditional wheel/rail
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
systems
. In traditional wheel/rail operations, the wheels
eventually
wear out.
In addition
, the resultant grit on the running surface of the
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
tracks
causes abrasion of the
Possible spelling mistake found.
railheads
.
Possible spelling mistake found.
Maglev
guide paths
are bound
to be more costly than conventional steel railways. The other main disadvantage is the lack of existing infrastructure.
For example
, if a
Possible spelling mistake found.
highspeed
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
line
between two cities
is built
, then high
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
speed
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
trains
can serve both cities
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
but
more
importantly
they can serve other nearby cities by running on normal railways that branch off the
Possible spelling mistake found.
highspeed
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
line
. The
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highspeed
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
trains
could go for a
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
fast
run on the
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highspeed
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line
, then
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
come
off it for the rest of the journey.
Possible spelling mistake found.
Maglev
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trains
wouldn’t be able to do that as they would
be limited
to where
Possible spelling mistake found.
maglev
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
lines
run. This would mean it would be
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
very
difficult to
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
make
construction of
Possible spelling mistake found.
maglev
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
lines
commercially
viable unless there were two
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
very
large destinations
being connected
. Of the 5000 km that TGV
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
trains
serve in France,
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
only
about 1200 km is high
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
speed
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
line
, meaning 75% of TGV services run on existing
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
track
. The fact that a
Possible spelling mistake found.
maglev
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
train
will not be able to continue beyond its
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
track
may
seriously
hinder its usefulness.
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IELTS essay Comparison of Maglev with Other Rail travel

Essay
  American English
1 paragraphs
408 words
5.5
Overall Band Score
Coherence and Cohesion: 5.0
  • Structure your answers in logical paragraphs
  • ?
    One main idea per paragraph
  • Include an introduction and conclusion
  • Support main points with an explanation and then an example
  • Use cohesive linking words accurately and appropriately
  • Vary your linking phrases using synonyms
Lexical Resource: 5.0
  • Try to vary your vocabulary using accurate synonyms
  • Use less common question specific words that accurately convey meaning
  • Check your work for spelling and word formation mistakes
Grammatical Range: 6.5
  • Use a variety of complex and simple sentences
  • Check your writing for errors
Task Achievement: 5.0
  • Answer all parts of the question
  • ?
    Present relevant ideas
  • Fully explain these ideas
  • Support ideas with relevant, specific examples
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