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TPO 39 Integrated Task - Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific theories presented in the reading passage. 练习该题

TPO 39 Integrated Task - Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific theories presented in the reading passage. 练习该题 m11b8

In this given set of materials, the main topic is centered on possible explanations regarding the mass extinction at the end of Triassic period, which contributed to the dominance of dinosaurs afterwards. While the writer puts forward three possible explanations as cited in the passage, the professor disagrees and claims that none of them is good enough whereas they seem reasonable. To begin with, first possible explanation according to the passage is disruption of food chains which might have been resulted from destruction of coastal and shallow-ocean species due to fluctuation of sea levels near the end of the Triassic period. However, the professor refutes this reason by stating that these species had the ability to adapt to changes. Also, she notes that fluctuations in sea levels happened gradually, therein coastal species had time to adapt. So, the change must be rapid to lead to extinction. Second, the writer mentions that SO2, which had been released from volcanoes activity, might have lowered global temperatures, hence, leading to massive extinction. Yet again, the professor disagrees and notes that SO2 is still present in atmosphere, but, the global temperature does not seem to be lower, because, SO2 usually combines with water and returns to earth in the form of rain very quickly. Therefore, SO2 must not have been in the atmosphere long enough to have an impact on extinction. Last but not least, the professor rejects the third possible explanation mentioned in the passage, blocked sunlight resulted from an impact of massive asteroid which created debris, by mentioning that scientists did not find any evidence of such asteroid or crater, depression left behind by the asteroid due to the impact. Although they found some evidence but it was for 12 million years before the extinction. Hence, this explanation is unlikely to be the reason for massive extinction. NET:

In this This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :accorded
given
 set of materials, the main topic is centered
 on You use this word too often, consider replacing it withavailableprobabledesirableimaginablefeasiblepotential
possible
You use this word too often, consider replacing it withcommentinterpretationconfessionevidencemotivesense
explanations
 regarding the mass extinction at the This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :expiration
end
 of Triassic period, which contributed to the dominance of dinosaurs afterwards. While the writer puts forward three You use this word too often, consider replacing it withavailableprobabledesirableimaginablefeasiblepotential
possible
You use this word too often, consider replacing it withcommentinterpretationconfessionevidencemotivesense
explanations
 as cited in the passage, the You use this word too often, consider replacing it withlecturerassistantfellowtutoreducatorinstructor
professor
 disagrees and claims that none of them is This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :beneficialproduct
good
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:abundance
enough
 whereas they seem reasonable.

To This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :initiatecommence
begin
 with, first
You use this word too often, consider replacing it withavailableprobabledesirableimaginablefeasiblepotential
possible
You use this word too often, consider replacing it withcommentinterpretationconfessionevidencemotivesense
explanation
 according to the passage is disruption of food chains which might have been resulted
 from destruction of coastal and shallow-ocean species due to fluctuation of sea levels near the This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :expiration
end
 of the Triassic period. However
, the You use this word too often, consider replacing it withlecturerassistantfellowtutoreducatorinstructor
professor
 refutes this reason by stating that these species had the ability to adapt to This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :altersadjusts
changes
. Also
, she notes that fluctuations in sea levels happened gradually
, therein coastal species had time to adapt. This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:consequently
So
, the This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :alteradjust
change
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :require
must
 be rapid to lead to extinction.

Second, the writer mentions that SO2, which had been released
 from volcanoes activity, might have lowered global temperatures, hence
, leading to massive extinction. Yet
 again, the You use this word too often, consider replacing it withlecturerassistantfellowtutoreducatorinstructor
professor
 disagrees and notes that SO2 is still
 present in atmosphere, This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:on the contrary
but
, the global temperature does not seem to be lower, This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:due to the factin light of the fact thatowing to the fact that
because
, SO2 usually
 combines with water and returns to earth in the form of rain This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:extremelyimmenselysupremelysuperb
very
quickly
. Therefore
, SO2 This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :require
must
 not have been in the atmosphere long This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:abundance
enough
 to have an impact on extinction.

Last This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:on the contrary
but
 not least, the You use this word too often, consider replacing it withlecturerassistantfellowtutoreducatorinstructor
professor
 rejects the third You use this word too often, consider replacing it withavailableprobabledesirableimaginablefeasiblepotential
possible
You use this word too often, consider replacing it withcommentinterpretationconfessionevidencemotivesense
explanation
 mentioned in the passage, blocked sunlight resulted from an impact of massive asteroid which created debris, by mentioning that scientists did not find any evidence of such asteroid or crater, depression This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :departed
left
 behind by the asteroid due to the impact. Although they found This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:a number of
some
 evidence This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:on the contrary
but
 it was for 12 million years This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:previouslyprior to
before
 the extinction. Hence
, this You use this word too often, consider replacing it withcommentinterpretationconfessionevidencemotivesense
explanation
 is unlikely to be the reason for massive extinction.

NET: 