The 2008 financial crisis caused seriously negative influences on all aspects of the economy in general and the capital market in particular, leading to the systematic collapse of series powerful corporates. As a response to the global financial crisis, urgent missions are to enhance ability of market participants to handle shocks from financial stress by improving risk measures as well as the estimation of risks and promote standard principles to help bank and financial institutions to keep the financial stability. The role of risk management is becoming more and more important in business goals, and risk measurement models are quickly becoming one of the hot topics of the financial world as an inevitable consequence.
In the context that the global economy is facing many difficulties nowadays, especially the significant impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the financial market of each country is confronting with many uncertainties and potential risks. Hence, the question that arises is how to measure and manage risks in the financial industry? In order to control risk effectively, an essential requirement is to develop measures of financial loss. Up to now, there have been many indicators and methods of measuring financial risk are being applied. The Value at Risk (VaR) is one of the most popular methods to measure financial risk in the market risk management and the credit risk of the portfolio. The VaR was developed by JPMorgan (1994) and was popularized as market risk measure for banking regulators. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) then required financial institutions to meet capital requirements on the basic of VaR estimate, that demonstrated for the attractiveness of VaR. However, VaR still has limitations both on theoretical and practical aspects. A recently new approach to measure the market risk portfolio in financial field is Expected Shortfall (ES), which is considered as remedy for the deficiencies of VaR. 
The 2008  
financial
 crisis caused  
seriously
  negative
 influences on all aspects of the economy  
in general
 and the capital  
market
  in particular
, leading to the systematic collapse of series powerful  
corporates
. As a response to the global  
financial
 crisis, urgent missions are to enhance ability of  
market
 participants to handle shocks from  
financial
  stress
 by improving  
risk
  measures
  as well
 as the estimation of  
risks
 and promote standard principles to  
help
 bank and  
financial
 institutions to  
keep
 the  
financial
 stability. The role of  
risk
 management is becoming more and more  
important
 in business goals, and  
risk
 measurement models are  
quickly
 becoming one of the hot topics of the  
financial
 world as an inevitable consequence.
In the context that the global economy is facing  
many
 difficulties nowadays,  
especially
 the significant impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the  
financial
  market
 of each country is confronting with  
many
 uncertainties and potential  
risks
.  
Hence
, the question that arises is how to  
measure
 and manage  
risks
 in the  
financial
 industry? In order to control  
risk
  effectively
, an essential requirement is to develop  
measures
 of  
financial
 loss. Up to  
now
, there have been  
many
 indicators and methods of measuring  
financial
  risk
 are  
being applied
. The Value at  
Risk
 ( 
VaR
) is one of the most popular methods to  
measure
  financial
  risk
 in the  
market
  risk
 management and the credit  
risk
 of the portfolio. The  
VaR
  was developed
 by JPMorgan (1994) and  
was popularized
 as  
market
  risk
  measure
 for banking regulators.  
The
 Basel Committee on Banking Supervision ( 
BCBS
) then required  
financial
 institutions to  
meet
 capital requirements on the basic of  
VaR
 estimate, that demonstrated for the attractiveness of  
VaR
.  
However
,  
VaR
  still
 has limitations both on theoretical and practical aspects. A recently new approach to  
measure
 the  
market
  risk
 portfolio in  
financial
 field is  
Expected
 Shortfall (ES), which  
is considered
 as remedy for the deficiencies of  
VaR
.