Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge the specific points made in the reading passageReading passage: Endotherms are animals such as modern birds and mammals that keep body temperatures constant. For

The article and the lecture discuss on whether the dinosaurs are or are not endotherms. The article states that dinosaurs differed from modern reptiles, and provides three evidnces of support the idea of dinosaurs were endotherms. However, the professor's lecture casts doubt on the reading by providing three points that contrary to evidences written on the article. First, the article claims that the present of dinosaur fossils in the polar regions is evidence of dinosaurs were able to keep the body's temperature constantly. This evidence also indicates that dinosaurs were able to survive in very cold temperature, and therefore they were considered as endotherms. However, the professor refutes this point by explaining about how the dinosaurs could keep themselves away from the cold weather. She claims that in the past, the weather in the polar regions were warm for sometimes of the year, so dinosaurs could be able to live in. she also says that in cold seasons, dinosaurs could migrate to warmer area, or they cold hibernate like other reptiles. Second, according to the article, dinosaurs' legs were positioned underneath the body, this position allows for running, and is similar to physical activities of typical endotherms. The legs position is evidence of dinosaurs were endotherms. On the other hand, the professor argues the idea presented in the article by providing other reasons why dinosaurs have legs underneath the body. She says that the positioning of legs underneath the body may have developed to support the large body weight in many dinosaurs. Finally, the article states that the dinosaurs' bones contain of Haversian canals, structures that allow for fast body growth found in typical endotherms. This evidence indicates that dinosaurs were endotherms. However, the professor controverts the idea by explaining that dinosaurs' bones also contained growth ring, a particular structure, which indicate periods of slow growth alternating with periods of fast growth. Becasue an uneven period of growth is typical of animals that are not endotherms, so dinosaurs were not considered as endotherms.