A The way we travel around cities has a major impact on whether they are sustainable. Transportation is estimated to account for 30% of energy consumption in most of the world’s most developed nations, so lowering the need for energy-using vehicles is essential for decreasing the environmental impact of mobility. But as more and more people move to cities, it is important to think about other kinds of sustainable travel too. The ways we travel affect our physical and mental health, our social lives, our’ access to work and culture, and the air we breathe. Engineers are taskGd with changing how we travel round cities through urban design, but the engineering industry still works on the assumptions that led to the creation of the energy-consuming transport systems we have now: the emphasis placed solely on efficiency, speed, and quantitative data. We need radical changes, to make it healthier, more enjoyable, and less enviromuentally damaging to travel around cities. B Dance might

A The way we travel around cities has a major impact on whether they are sustainable. Transportation is estimated to account for 30% of energy consumption in most of the world’s most developed nations, so lowering the need for energy-using vehicles is essential for decreasing the environmental impact of mobility. But as more and more people move to cities, it is important to think about other kinds of sustainable travel too. The ways we travel affect our physical and mental health, our social lives, our’ access to work and culture, and the air we breathe. Engineers are taskGd with changing how we travel round cities through urban design, but the engineering industry still works on the assumptions that led to the creation of the energy-consuming transport systems we have now: the emphasis placed solely on efficiency, speed, and quantitative data. We need radical changes, to make it healthier, more enjoyable, and less enviromuentally damaging to travel around cities. B Dance might hold some of the answers. That is not to suggest everyonC should dance their way to work, however healthy and happy it might make us, but rather that the techniques used by choreographers to experiment with and design movement ln dance could provide engineers with tools to stimulate new ideas in city-making. Richard Sennett, an influential urbanist and sociologist who has transformed ideas about the way cities are made, argues that urban design has suffered from a separation between mind and body since the introduction of the ai-chitectural blueprint. Whereas medieval builders improvised and adapted construction through their intimate lmowledge of materials and personal experience of the conditions on a site, building designs are now conceived and stored in media technologies that detach the designer from the physical arid social realities they are creating. While the design practices created by these new technologies are essential for managing the technical complexity of the modern city, they have the drawbaclc of simplifying reality in the process. D To illustrate, Sennett discusses the l'eachtree Center in Atlanta, USA, a development typical of the modernist approach to urban planning prevalent in the 1970s. Peachtree created a grid of streets and towers intended as a new pedestrian-friendly downtown for Atlanta. According to Seimett, this failed because its designers had invested too much faith in computer-aided design to tell them how it would operate. They failed to ta1re into account that purpose-built street cafes could not operate in the hot