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Publication of Research Paper Letter

Publication of Research Paper Letter Gr5Ko
Please find included our manuscript “Schematic information influences memory and generalisation behaviour for schema-relevant and -irrelevant information”, which we believe will be of great interest to the readers of Cognition. Though schemas have been studied extensively, the focus is often on how they modulate behaviour for congruent and incongruent information. However, little is known about how they modulate behaviour for schema-irrelevant information. Here we ask, for the first time, whether the presence of schematic information may bias behaviour for schema-irrelevant information. For instance, does a schema representing objects and their locations within an office influence how you remember or infer the location of objects in another room? Given many theories ignore how schemas influence irrelevant information and many studies have used schema-irrelevant conditions as controls, it is important to understand how the presence of a schema may influence behaviour for irrelevant items. One would propose that if information is irrelevant to a schema, then the schema should not impact or influence the behaviour towards this information; this is an implicit notion across many studies (e. g. , Greve et al. , 2019; Frank et al. , 2019) and theories of schema (e. g. , van Kesteren et al. , 2012). Here we used the precision long-term memory paradigm (e. g. , Berens et al. , 2020; Harlow & Donaldson, 2013; Tompary et al. , 2020) to study how people remember the location of items around a circle and generalise to novel instances. We asked whether the presence of a pattern (or schema) in one condition (the clustered condition) influenced the memory and generalisation behaviour of participants for a condition that was irrelevant to the pattern (the non-clustered condition). By using the precision paradigm, we were able to assess the distribution of locations selected by participants for both clustered and non-clustered items and assess directly how a schematic representation may impact responding to schema-irrelevant information. Across four experiments, and an analysis of secondary data, we provide clear evidence that the presence of a pattern influences behaviour towards schema-irrelevant information. According to these results, experiments that use schema-irrelevant control conditions may need to be careful with making strong claims that the presence of a schema enhances memory for congruent or incongruent information. An alternative explanation for schema enhancement when using such controls, based on the present findings, is that the schema biases (i. e. , reduces memory for) schema-irrelevant information, thus making it seem that congruency benefited recall. Further, theories regarding how schemas influence memory and generalisation behaviour have yet to touch upon how they influence schema-irrelevant information. The present set of results call into question the implicit notion that information irrelevant to the schema is unimpacted when remembering or generalising to novel instances. Instead, items within the schema-irrelevant condition were biased away from the area of the circle where the pattern was presented. We look forward to hearing from you and thank you in advance for your consideration.
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
Please
find included our manuscript “Schematic
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
influences
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
memory
and
Possible spelling mistake. 'generalisation' is British English.
generalisation
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
for schema-relevant and
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
-irrelevant
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information”
, which we believe will be of great interest to the readers of Cognition. Though schemas have
been studied
extensively
, the focus is
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
often
on how they modulate
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
for congruent and incongruent
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
.
However
,
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
little
is known
about how they modulate
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
for schema-irrelevant
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
. Here we ask, for the
first
time, whether the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
presence
of schematic
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
may bias
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
for schema-irrelevant
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
.
For instance
, does a schema representing objects and their
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
locations
within an office
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
influence
how you remember or infer the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
location
of objects in another room?
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
Given
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
many
theories
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
ignore
how schemas
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
influence
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
irrelevant
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
and
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
many
studies have
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
used
schema-irrelevant conditions as controls, it is
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
important
to understand how the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
presence
of a schema may
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
influence
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
for
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
irrelevant
items.

One would propose that if
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
is
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
irrelevant
to a schema, then the schema should not impact or
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
influence
the
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
towards this
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
; this is an implicit notion across
This phrase/word is too simple and can be replaced with:
many
studies (
There should be no space here: "e.g.".
e. g.
Loose punctuation mark.
,
Possible spelling mistake found.
Greve
et al.
Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
,
2019; Frank et al.
Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
,
2019) and theories of schema (
There should be no space here: "e.g.".
e. g.
Loose punctuation mark.
,
van
Possible spelling mistake found.
Kesteren
et al.
Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
,
2012). Here we
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
used
the precision long-term
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
memory
paradigm (
There should be no space here: "e.g.".
e. g.
Loose punctuation mark.
,
Possible spelling mistake found.
Berens
et al.
Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
,
2020; Harlow & Donaldson, 2013;
Possible spelling mistake found.
Tompary
et al.
Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
,
2020) to study how
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
people
remember the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
location
of items around a circle and
Possible spelling mistake. 'generalise' is British English.
generalise
to novel instances. We asked whether the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
presence
of a
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
pattern
(or schema) in one
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
condition
(the clustered
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
condition)
influenced the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
memory
and
Possible spelling mistake. 'generalisation' is British English.
generalisation
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
of participants for a
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
condition
that was
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
irrelevant
to the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
pattern
(the non-clustered
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
condition)
. By using the precision paradigm, we were able to assess the distribution of
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
locations
selected by participants for both clustered and non-clustered items and assess
directly
how a schematic representation may impact responding to schema-irrelevant information.

Across four experiments, and an analysis of secondary data, we provide
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
clear
evidence that the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
presence
of a
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
pattern
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
influences
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
towards schema-irrelevant
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
. According to these results, experiments that
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
use
schema-irrelevant control conditions may need to be careful with making strong claims that the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
presence
of a schema enhances
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
memory
for congruent or incongruent
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
. An alternative explanation for schema enhancement when using such controls, based on the present findings, is that the schema biases (
There should be no space here: "i.e.".
i. e.
Put a space after the comma, but not before the comma
,
This phrase/word (depending on the context) can be potentially replaced with :
reduces
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
memory
for) schema-irrelevant
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
,
thus
making it seem that
Possible spelling mistake found.
congruency
benefited recall.
Further
, theories regarding how schemas
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
influence
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
memory
and
Possible spelling mistake. 'generalisation' is British English.
generalisation
Possible spelling mistake. 'behaviour' is British English.
behaviour
have
yet
to touch upon how they
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
influence
schema-irrelevant
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
. The present set of results call into question the implicit notion that
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
information
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
irrelevant
to the schema is
Possible spelling mistake found.
unimpacted
when remembering or
Possible spelling mistake. 'generalising' is British English.
generalising
to novel instances.
Instead
, items within the schema-irrelevant
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
condition
were biased
away from the area of the circle where the
You use this word too often, consider replacing it with
pattern
was presented
.

We look forward to hearing from you and thank you in advance for your consideration.

IELTS letter Publication of Research Paper Letter

Letter
  American English
4 paragraphs
487 words
5.0
Overall Band Score
Coherence and Cohesion: 5.5
  • Structure your answers in logical paragraphs
  • ?
    One main idea per paragraph
  • ?
    Include an introduction and conclusion
  • ?
    Support main points with an explanation and then an example
  • Use cohesive linking words accurately and appropriately
  • ?
    Vary your linking phrases using synonyms
Lexical Resource: 5.0
  • Try to vary your vocabulary using accurate synonyms
  • Use less common question specific words that accurately convey meaning
  • Check your work for spelling and word formation mistakes
Grammatical Range: 5.5
  • Use a variety of complex and simple sentences
  • Check your writing for errors
Task Achievement: 5.0
  • Answer all parts of the question
  • ?
    Present relevant ideas
  • Fully explain these ideas
  • ?
    Support ideas with relevant, specific examples
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    Currently is not available
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