The reading passage claims that many animals use various ways to migrate long distances and how they migrate is still a matter of debate.

The reading passage claims that many animals use various ways to migrate long distances and how they migrate is still a matter of debate. But there is a creature called humpback whale, which navigate by stars like early humans did. Indeed, there are several reasons why this creature use stars for navigation. However, the lecturer finds all the ideas dubious and presents some evidence to refute them all. First, the lecturer holds the view that humpback whales are intelligent animals with well-developed cognitive ability, which allows them to navigate. In contrast, the lecturer underlines the idea that there is no connection between animals' intelligence and navigation owing to the fact that some other animals migrate in this way like ducks, which are not clever. The author also embraces the idea that humpback whales migrate in straight lines and use physical landmarks to help them stay in a way. Conversely, the professor brings up the idea that these creatures are able to sense external forces like earth magnetite field. In fact, they have bio magnetite in their brains, which is sensitive to earth magnetite field. So, they use this sense to orient themselves in any direction. Finally, as set forth by the author humpback whales use especial behavior dubbed as spy-hopping, which is rare among animals. This behavior allows the whale to float straight up and look at stars for navigation. On the contrary, the speaker dismisses this issue due to the fact that although it is rare, other animals do like humpback whales. In fact, sharks use this behavior for hunting or there are other animals which use this behavior during the day when there is no star. Having scrutinized all the ideas, a logical conclusion that can be drawn is that there are pieces of evidence having been ignored by the author while the presence of which could strengthen the author's claim.