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8 Rules of Syllogism - Arguments and Validity - PHILO-notes Whiteboard Edition
propositions offered as evidence in the argument: premises
proposition for which the evidence is offered: conclusion
inductive argument: specefic to general
it the premises are true, then is probable that the conclusion is true.
example:
Ninety percent of othe mongo seeds germinate in day 1 and day 2, ninety percent of the mongo seeds germinate. therefore, ninety percent of the mongo seeds germinate.
deductive argument: general to specific
if the premises are true, then the conclusion is necessarily true.
example:
Anybody who kills a person is guilty of a felony.
jim kills jack.
therefore, jim is guilty of a felony.
sullogism:
argumets which consist of three propositions that are so ralated.
"when the premises are posited as true. the conclusion must also be true.
an argument arranged in a specific manner;
it contains a major premise, minor premise, and a conclusion.
example:
all men are mortal.
socrates is a man.
therefore, socrates is mortal.
major premis, minor premise, conclusion
major premise: premise that contains the major term.
minor premise: premise that contains the minor term.
conclusion: third proposition whose meaning and truth are impied in the premises.
major term: predicate of the conclusion
minor term: subject of the conclusion
middle term: remaining term which does not (and cannot) appear in the conclusion
all men are mortal.
socrates is a man.
therefore, socrates is mortal.
mortal (major term)
socretes (minor term)
men (middle term)
8 rules of syllogism
1there should only be theree terms in the syllogism, namely the major ter, the minor term an the middle term. And the meaning of the middle term in the first premise should not be changed in the second premise, otherwise, the syllogism will have 4 terms.
2. the major and
8
Rules
of Syllogism
-
Arguments
and Validity
-
PHILO-notes
Whiteboard Edition
propositions offered as evidence in the
argument
: premises
proposition for which the evidence
is offered
: conclusion
inductive
argument
:
specefic
to general
it the premises are true, then is probable that the conclusion is true.
example
:
Ninety percent of
othe
mongo
seeds germinate in day 1 and day 2, ninety percent of the
mongo
seeds germinate.
therefore
, ninety percent of the
mongo
seeds germinate.
deductive
argument
: general to specific
if the premises are true, then the conclusion is
necessarily
true.
example
:
Anybody who kills a person is guilty of a felony.
jim
kills jack.
therefore
,
jim
is guilty of a felony.
sullogism
:
argumets
which consist of three propositions that are
so
ralated
.
"
when
the premises
are posited
as true.
the
conclusion
must
also
be true.
an
argument
arranged in a specific manner;
it contains a
major
premise
,
minor
premise
, and a conclusion.
example
:
all
men
are mortal.
socrates
is a
man
.
therefore
,
socrates
is mortal.
major
premis
,
minor
premise
, conclusion
major
premise
:
premise
that contains the
major
term.
minor
premise
:
premise
that contains the
minor
term.
conclusion
: third proposition whose meaning and truth are
impied
in the premises.
major
term
: predicate of the conclusion
minor
term
: subject of the conclusion
middle
term
: remaining
term
which does not (and cannot) appear in the conclusion
all
men
are mortal.
socrates
is a
man
.
therefore
,
socrates
is mortal.
mortal
(major
term)
socretes
(minor
term)
men
(middle
term)
8
rules
of syllogism
1there should
only
be
theree
terms in the syllogism,
namely
the
major
ter
, the
minor
term
an
the middle
term
. And the meaning of the middle
term
in the
first
premise
should not be
changed
in the second
premise
,
otherwise
, the syllogism will have 4 terms.
2. the
major
and