Both the passage and the lecture discuss a specific type of experiment, which is designed to check for the self-awareness among chimpanzees. The passage argues that the reactions of chimpanzees in front of a mirror is a reliable proof that animals can be aware of themselves. In a study, the chimpanzees who had been marked on the face and/or ear, during a period of deep anesthesia, could recognize themselves in the mirror and started to touch the markets on their own body instead of the mirror image. Hence, they differentiate between their own image and another chimpanzee. However, the lecturer criticizes the results and her arguments undermine the passage premises.
First of all, the professor states that the chimpanzee experiment is not reliable, and the results will not be repeated in multiple studies. For example, in another similar experiment, only one test animal out of a group started to touch the marked area of his face in front of the mirror. Therefore, the passage claim about monkeys, who repeatedly touched their eyebrows or ears because they had recognized themselves, is not endorsed. In fact, the mentioned results could be a random and insignificant finding.
Moreover, the professor indicates that touching ones’ face is a normal habit of chimpanzees. She highlightes the result of another experiment to oppose the conclusion of the passage. In that experiment, the test animals rubbed off the marks by frequent touching, even before being fully recovered from the anesthesia. Such experience showed that the test animals touch their face frequently with or without the presence of a mirror, which is in contrast to the passage claim, that says by being introduced to a mirror chimpanzees consciously begin to touch themselves more often.
Finally, the lecturer expresses her further doubt about the passage claims by explaining that the chimpanzees’ social behaviors normally consist of self-grooming and self-touching. Thus, their response to their mirror image could be merely their routine social behaviors, which is part of their effort to be fit in their clan. This opposes the passage that says self-recognition is the underlying reason for chimpanzees' behaviors in front of a mirror.
Both the
passage
and the lecture discuss a specific type of
experiment
, which
is designed
to
check
for the self-awareness among
chimpanzees
. The
passage
argues that the reactions of
chimpanzees
in front of a mirror is a reliable proof that
animals
can be aware of themselves. In a study, the
chimpanzees
who had
been marked
on the
face
and/or ear, during a period of deep anesthesia, could recognize themselves in the mirror and
started
to
touch
the markets on their
own
body
instead
of the mirror image.
Hence
, they differentiate between their
own
image and another
chimpanzee
.
However
, the lecturer criticizes the
results
and her arguments undermine the
passage
premises.
First of all
, the professor states that the
chimpanzee
experiment
is not reliable, and the
results
will not
be repeated
in multiple studies.
For example
, in another similar
experiment
,
only
one
test
animal
out of a group
started
to
touch
the marked area of his
face
in front of the mirror.
Therefore
, the
passage
claim about monkeys, who
repeatedly
touched their eyebrows or ears
because
they had recognized themselves, is not endorsed. In fact, the mentioned
results
could be a random and insignificant finding.
Moreover
, the professor indicates that touching ones’
face
is a normal habit of
chimpanzees
. She
highlightes
the
result
of another
experiment
to oppose the conclusion of the
passage
. In that
experiment
, the
test
animals
rubbed off the marks by frequent touching, even
before
being
fully
recovered from the anesthesia. Such experience
showed
that the
test
animals
touch
their
face
frequently
with or without the presence of a mirror, which is
in contrast
to the
passage
claim, that says by
being introduced
to a mirror
chimpanzees
consciously
begin
to
touch
themselves more
often
.
Finally
, the lecturer expresses her
further
doubt about the
passage
claims by explaining that the
chimpanzees’
social behaviors
normally
consist of self-grooming and self-touching.
Thus
, their response to their mirror image could be
merely
their routine social behaviors, which is part of their effort to
be fit
in their clan. This opposes the
passage
that says self-recognition is the underlying reason for chimpanzees' behaviors in front of a mirror.