The material discusses if pterosaurs were able to perform a powered flight or not. While the reading looks at the topic from one perspective, the listening challenges certain points outlined in the reading passage.
First, the author mentions that pterosaurs were cold-blooded reptiles, so they were not able to generate enough energy needed to fly. On the other hand, the professor opposes this and states that pterosaurs fossils revealed that they had dense hair-like coverage typically like warm-blooded animals, so they could keep their body temperature warm. Furthermore, the pterosaurs' metabolism rate was like warm-blooded animals, which was faster than what the reading suggests. According to the lecture, pterosaurs could produce enough energy needed for a powered flight.
Second, the writer brings up that pterosaurs were huge animals, so they were too heavy to fly. On the contrary, the professor counters this and contends that pterosaurs had an anatomical feature that made them unusually light. The lecturer explains that their bones were hollow, which made them weight low despite their large size. The speaker concludes that giver pterosaurs' light-weight bones, they could be able to airborne by flapping their wings.
Third, the reading posits that pterosaurs' back legs were small and weak, so they could not support their powered flight. Conversely, the professor contradicts this and points out that it could be difficult if pterosaurs flew with birds' way. The lecturer says that birds use their two hind limbs to walk or jump to fly. However, pterosaurs used their four limbs to walk and push off the ground to fly. The speaker adds that even very large pterosaurs could fly by using their four limbs to run fast enough or jump high enough to launch into the air without any problem at all.
The material discusses if
pterosaurs
were able to perform a powered flight or not. While the
reading
looks at the topic from one perspective, the listening challenges certain points outlined in the
reading
passage.
First
, the author mentions that
pterosaurs
were
cold
-blooded reptiles,
so
they were not able to generate
enough
energy needed to
fly
.
On the other hand
, the professor opposes this and states that
pterosaurs
fossils revealed that they had dense hair-like coverage
typically
like warm-blooded animals,
so
they could
keep
their body temperature warm.
Furthermore
, the
pterosaurs
' metabolism rate was like warm-blooded animals, which was faster than what the
reading
suggests. According to the lecture,
pterosaurs
could produce
enough
energy needed for a powered flight.
Second, the writer brings up that
pterosaurs
were huge animals,
so
they were too heavy to
fly
.
On the contrary
, the professor counters this and contends that
pterosaurs
had an anatomical feature that made them
unusually
light. The lecturer
explains
that their bones were hollow, which made them weight low despite their large size. The speaker concludes that giver
pterosaurs
' light-weight bones, they could be able to airborne by flapping their wings.
Third, the
reading
posits that
pterosaurs
' back legs were
small
and weak,
so
they could not support their powered flight.
Conversely
, the professor contradicts this and points out that it could be difficult if
pterosaurs
flew with birds' way. The lecturer says that birds
use
their two hind limbs to walk or jump to
fly
.
However
,
pterosaurs
used
their four limbs to walk and push off the ground to
fly
. The speaker
adds
that even
very
large
pterosaurs
could
fly
by using their four limbs to run
fast
enough
or jump high
enough
to launch into the air without any problem at all.