In the readıng,the article introduces three surprising beliefs about elephant behaviors.

In the readıng, the article introduces three surprising beliefs about elephant behaviors. However in the listening, the professor gives out three reasons why these beliefs cannot stand. First, the reading passage claims that elephants are aware of approaching death. Nevertheless, the listenıng poınts out that he true reason why an elephant may break away from the herd is that their teeth become older and the anımal has to seek for softer plants as theır food resources. Therefore, they would get close to the water where soft plants usually occur and fınally die there. Second, the reading asserts that elephants have artistic ability to know how to paint for representing objects through art. However, the lıstenıng rejects thıs statement. Accordıng to the lecture, in order to train elephants to paint, the painters will stroke the elephants ears and help them memorıze certain patterns of paintbrush strokes. In thıs way, elephant would remember certaın patterns for representıng the exact ımages. Third, the reading says that the elephants have a fear of mice. But the listenıng also disputes thıs because ıt supposes the reason why elephants try to avoıd mıce ıs that mıce are unfamılıar to them not that they are afraıd of them. Those elephants living in the zoo dont show any fright of mice, because mıce are always around them and they get used to these small creatures very much. In another word, once elephants are accustomed to mice, they would not mind ıf they are around or not. In a nutshell, by giving all these three reasons, the listening successfully goes against the readıng article.