In 1995 a microscopic fungus called phytophthora ramorum, or P. ramorum, was first detected in the forests of the western United States. P. ramorum infects trees and causes particularly serious damage in oak trees: in many infected oaks, leaves wither rap

The main idea of both the passage and the lecture is about protecting trees from P. ramorum. The author proposes three solutions and approaches for taking care of forests threatening by P. ramorum. The lecturer, on the other hand, expresses these methods which are cited in the passage are limited also impractical. To begin with, the reading claims stopping P. ramorum spores from spreading by humans such as biking trails and shoes' hikers are one of the most effective ways in order to protect forests. The listening, on the contrary, asserts these kinds of spreading by people, does not have huge impact and rainfall is a major reason for carrying spores for long distances; thus, this method is useless. In addition, the text makes the argument that Fungicidal chemicals can be used to stimulate oak trees to protect themselves. However, the talk states these types of events repeat every few months and there are useful for Oak city park, not a large park, the lecturer asks to imagine what happens if every month they want to utilize this route for solving the problem. Lastly, the article argues that another way is clear-cutting which cuts and burns all diseased oaks even the healthy one. Conversely, The lecture discusses that sacrifice all tree species even those which have no dangerous disease is so harmful because these trees are rare also this happening has ecological damage and we have to try to prevent such a thing.