The pictures show a hot-air balloon and the basic principles that enable it to be flown. The balloon has three main parts: the envelope, which is made of nylon, a burner to produce a flame, and a basket to carry the people.
The pilot has to be able to control the upward and downward movement of the balloon so that it can fly. In order to make the balloon go up, the pilot uses the flame from the burner to heat the air inside the envelope. To make it descend, the pilot closes the burner so that the supply of hot air to the envelope is cut off. Consequently, the air inside cools down, making it become as heavy as the air outside. This results in the balloon losing height. As the hotter air inside is lighter than the air outside, this causes the balloon to rise.
The direction in which the balloon moves horizontally depends on the direction of the wind. Nevertheless, since the wind direction may vary at different heights, moving up or down allows the pilot to steer the balloon.
The pictures
show
a hot-air
balloon
and the basic principles that enable it to
be flown
. The
balloon
has three main parts: the envelope, which
is made
of nylon, a burner to produce a flame, and a basket to carry the
people
.
The
pilot
has to
be able to control the upward and downward movement of the
balloon
so
that it can
fly
. In order to
make
the
balloon
go up, the
pilot
uses
the flame from the burner to heat the
air
inside the envelope. To
make
it descend, the
pilot
closes the burner
so
that the supply of hot
air
to the envelope is
cut
off.
Consequently
, the
air
inside cools down, making it become as heavy as the
air
outside. This results in the
balloon
losing height. As the hotter
air
inside is lighter than the
air
outside, this causes the
balloon
to rise.
The direction in which the
balloon
moves
horizontally
depends on the direction of the wind.
Nevertheless
, since the wind direction may vary at
different
heights, moving up or down
allows
the
pilot
to steer the
balloon
.