The professor revises the idea presented in the passage that Pterosaurs were not able to fly by flapping their wings and refutes each of the points made in the text.
First of all, the reading passage suggests that Pterosaurs might be cold-blooded due to the fact that their descendants - modern reptiles - are cold-blooded. As a result, they did not have enough energy for powered flight. Conversely, the professor explains that new discoveries have shown that Pterosaurs had a dense hair-like covering that is typical to warm-blooded animals. Thus, they could maintain their body temperature in extreme climate and probably were capable of power flight. Hence, the first theory has some deficiencies regarding the main point of the passage.
Secondly, the professor's opinion contradicts the second reason mentioned in the passage that Pterosaurs were immensely heavy and could not flap their wings fast enough. She states that Pterosaurs were actually light due to the several anatomical features that they had. For instance, Pterosaurs had hollow light-weight bones, and this characteristic kept them airborne. Thus, the second explanation does not hold true due to the lack of compelling evidence.
Finally, the passage argues that in order to take off from the ground, Pterosaurs, like birds, needed powerful muscles in their back legs, but there is no strong muscle regarding their fossilized back leg bones. On the other hand, the professor clarifies that Pterosaurs are different from the birds. While birds use two limbs to push off the ground, Pterosaurs used all their four limbs to launch themselves into the air. Therefore, even the largest kinds of Pterosaurs were fast enough to run or jump high enough to take off. So, the third reason is not convincing, too.
The professor revises the
idea
presented in the
passage
that
Pterosaurs
were not able to
fly
by flapping their wings and refutes each of the points made in the text.
First of all
, the reading
passage
suggests that
Pterosaurs
might be
cold
-blooded due to the fact that their descendants
-
modern reptiles
-
are
cold
-blooded.
As a result
, they did not have
enough
energy for powered flight.
Conversely
, the professor
explains
that new discoveries have shown that
Pterosaurs
had a dense hair-like covering
that is
typical to warm-blooded animals.
Thus
, they could maintain their body temperature in extreme climate and
probably
were capable of power flight.
Hence
, the
first
theory has
some
deficiencies regarding the main point of the passage.
Secondly
, the professor's opinion contradicts the second reason mentioned in the
passage
that
Pterosaurs
were
immensely
heavy and could not flap their wings
fast
enough
. She states that
Pterosaurs
were actually light due to the several anatomical features that they had.
For instance
,
Pterosaurs
had hollow light-weight bones, and this characteristic
kept
them airborne.
Thus
, the second explanation does not hold true due to the lack of compelling evidence.
Finally
, the
passage
argues that in order to take off from the ground,
Pterosaurs
, like birds, needed powerful muscles in their back legs,
but
there is no strong muscle regarding their fossilized back leg bones.
On the other hand
, the professor clarifies that
Pterosaurs
are
different
from the birds. While birds
use
two limbs to push off the ground,
Pterosaurs
used
all their four limbs to launch themselves into the air.
Therefore
, even the largest kinds of
Pterosaurs
were
fast
enough
to run or jump high
enough
to take off.
So
, the third reason is not convincing, too.