Both the passage and the lecture discuss the doubts which can cause the little ice age happening.

Both the passage and the lecture discuss the doubts which can cause the little ice age happening. The lecturer states that the arguments which are mentioned in the article are quite outdating. He also points out that there are some new informations and discoveries which show that these agreements couldn't be the little ice age's reasons. First of all, the author expresses that one of the reasons could be the disturbing of ocean currents. it is implied in the article that there was an unusual warm weather which made the glaciers to melt. these melted glaciers flew into the ocean, and disrubted the currents. Although, the speaker states that these kind of disrupting events occured in the north of america and europe, however the melted glaciers were in the southern area like southern of america. Hence, the first reason given by the author can't be accounted for this phenomen. Moreover, the lecturer agrees with the author's statement which expresses that the volcanos spread out the dust into the atmosphere but it is not enough strong to make this phenomon happen. that's how the speaker rejects the second arguments described by the author. Finally, based on the lecture, forests weren't there long enough to make these changes. it is mentioned that humans tried to make the lands clear for cultivating and raising crops, so they cut off the trees quickly, and in this way there was no time for trees to absorb carbon dioxide in a significant amount. Otherwise, the author believes in opposite way which can express the forests absorbed a great amount of carbon dioxide, and decline the effect of greenhouse gases on the atmosphere.